Inventions From Romania

Inventions From RomaniaThe domain of a function without RomaniaThere ar some countries without which the humanity would have a completely dissimilar face from what we know today. I mean we can either imagine a dry land without USA, Great Britain, France, Russia or Italy. A world without hamburgers, pizza, chinesse food, a world without corporations, movies, Madonna, Michael Jackson or without Einstein. The list could go on for incessantly. How umpteen of you tried to think of a world without Romania?Those of you who havent, please pay attentionInventionsFor warning how would you imagine the world without Romanian inventions? For the beginning try to imagine writing your entire life with a pencil.Not so convenient, right? in case you didnt know, Petrache Poenaru, who was a famous Romanian inventor of the Enlightenment era, invented the worlds first fountain pen in 1827, and too designed the current tricolour flag of Romania.tefan Odobleja, an otherwise(prenominal) Romanian sc ientist was iodin of the precursors of cybernetics. He had established many of the major themes of cybernetics regarding cybernetics and systems thinking ten divisions before the work of Norbert Wiener, the founder of cybernetics.How many of you flew by planer at least once in your life? Well, for traveling long distances in a short period of time we all should be congenial in the first place to Aurel Vlaicu, who built the first arrow-shaped airplane. He lost his life in 1913 near Cmpina while attempting to cross in flight the Carpathian Mountains in his aged Vlaicu II airplane. In the same kinsperson we can also remind Henry Coanda, the builder of worlds first jet powered aircraft, the Coanda-1910. He disc anyplaceed and gave his name to the Coand effect.MedicineRomanians helped medicine to develop. For example, Nicolae Paulescu, the Romanian physiologist is the inventor of insulin, a very controversial invention initially and very much disregarded, plainly 50 long time late r after 2 canadians received the Nobel prize for the same invention, he was finally recognized and decl bed as The True artisan of Insulin.Another Romanian who received a Nobel Prize for his magnificent work in medicine is George Emil Palade, for discovering the vacuole.ArtThe history of art would have been many pages sheer without such a great sculptor as Constantin Brancusi whose works which blend simplicity and sophistication, led the way for numerous rawist sculptors. Im sure you all heard about his works like The Endless Column, The Table of Silence, and The Gate of Kiss from Tg jiu or of Mademoiselle Pogany from Philadelphia Museum of Art which are appreciated all over the world.Romania is also famous for The Gates from Maramures which are unique for their architecture. There is Indeed no other place in the world than Bucovina in Northern Moldavia, where The Monasteries are one of the greatest artistic monuments in Europe. This painted monasteries are part of UNESCO s World Heritage for their rarity and beauty. A thing that not many people know is that Romania has found the close vibrant blue colour in the world. It is renowned world wide and nobody has been able to find the subscribe to combination used to obtained it. Its called Voronet blue from well renowned Monastery of Moldovia.Probably a long time would have passed until someone may have feeling of writing a complete history of religions. Mircea Eliade was the first one to do it.Romanian people are known as optimistic and full of star of humor. Nobody would have thought of mocking a serious matter like death. We have our own way of dealing with it by laughing in its face. We are the first nation to have a Happy Graveyard, renowned for its story telling funeral place.Hollywood should thank us. We gave them inspiration to constrain one of the most famous character in the movie history, that is Dracula. Vlad Tepes, the Romanian medieval ruler, had the bad luck to become the blood thirsty demo n of modern times.SportMaybe slightly surprising for a country of its size, Romania has been one of the most successful countries in the history of sports. Im sure a couple of(prenominal) of you know that Americans have one thing to be greatful to ustheir national sport. Romanians invented the god drive of baseball, a sort of baseball that is, oina.The most popular sport in Romania is football. In 1986, the Romanian soccer club Steaua Bucureti became the first Eastern European club ever, and only one of the two (the other being Red angiotensin converting enzyme Belgrade) to win the prestigious European Champions Cup title. This victory was achieved thanks to Helmuth Duckadam who defended four penalty strikes in a row, performance that got him to guinness book. Another famous football histrion is Gheorghe Hagi. Nicknamed The Maradona of the Carpathians, he is considered a hero in his homeland as well as in Turkey. He has win his countrys Player of the Year award sixer times, and was recently named Romanian football player of the century. In present time we also have foreignly known football players like Adrian Mutu, Cristian Chivu or Bogdan Lobont.Handball is the most popular sport in Romania after football. The Romanian mens national team has won the Handball World Cup a record 4 times. The only other team to have matched this record is Sweden in 1999. Romania womens national handball team has won the Handball World Cup in 1962. Steaua and Dinamo have also won several European titles over the years.Basketball is a very popular sport among Romanian youth. Gheorghe Murean was the first Romanian to enter NBA, and he became known as the tallest man ever to play in that league. Another product of the Romanian basketball school was Toni Alexe.Ilie Nstase, the tennis player, is another internationally known Romanian sports star. He won several Grand Slam titles and dozens of other tournaments and was the first player to be ranked as number 1 by ATP from 1973 to 1974 he also was a successful doubles player. Romania has also reached the Davis Cup finals three times.In the 1976 Summer Olympics, the gymnast Nadia Comneci became the first gymnast ever to score a perfect ten. She also won three favorable medals, one silver and one bronze, all at the age of fourteen.1 Her success continued in the 1980 Summer Olympics, where she was awarded two gold medals and two silver medals.LandscapesRomania offers a lot of tourist attractions and vacation experiences unique in Central-Eastern Europe. Enjoy our top five things to see in Romania movie.The world couldnt live withoutOur beautiful women. The Romanian girls are known all over the world for their beauty, but also for their talents and intelligence. Also if we are good at one thing, that is having a good time. Gastronomically speaking we are the proud owners of the most tasty dishes in the world. And if you try these, we strongly recommend you to feast your senses with our word renown wines.We are beautiful, we know how to have a good time, but also we are known for our intelligence. Maybe not all of you know that the second spoken dustup in Microsoft Company is Romanian.Romania RecordsMost expensive composition copy-Romanian newspaper make outs world record BUCHAREST, Romania The Auroch and the Eagle (Zimbrulu and Vulturulu), bought for 830 000 Euros by Joseph Hackmey. sets the world record for the most expensive newspaper copy in the world.At the last auction, held in Geneva by the David Feldman auction house, the piece had a starting terms of 500.000 Euro and was sold for 700.000 Euro to Joseph Hackmey. With fees and commissions involved, the final price reached 829.500 Euros. The amount made The Auroch and the Eagle (Zimbrulu and Vulturulu) the most expensive newspaper copy in the world.Longest sack out Poem-world record set by the Luceafarul IASI, Romania Luceafarul by Mihai Eminescu, a 98 stanzas long poem about the impossible love between immortal Luceafarul and a beautiful mortal princess sets the world record for the Longest Love Poem.Largest administrative building-world record set by The Palace of the Romanian Parliament April 4 BUCHAREST, RomaniaThe Palace of the Romanian Parliament has a floor area of 360,000 square meter -setting the world record for the lifesizest administrative building. The Palace of the Romanian Parliament is also the worlds Haviest building and also the worlds Most Expensive Administrative building in the world updated total costs (2006) are estimated at 4 billions USD.Most successful women coach-world record set by Maria Bitang April 18 BUCHAREST, RomaniaMaria Bitang, 46, Romanian gymnastic exercise coach (1992-2005), has set the world record for the Most Successful Women Coach 19 Olympics Medals and a total of 152 medals at World and European Championships and Olympic Games. They say behind every successful man, there is a woman. Octavian Bellu has coached the Romanian national squad since 1981. Maria Bitang joined him in early 90s. Along with the team they have obtained much than 250 international medals. The outstanding results Maria Bitang and Octavian Belu achieved made them the worlds most successful coaching duo.Largest indoor flag-the Romanian flag displayed at Aarhus WC June 26 BUCHAREST, Romania The largest indoor flag in the world is the 69 m Romanian flag, displayed by the Romanian fans at the World Gymnastics Championships in Aarhus, Denmark, last October. The giant flag was proudly displayed by the Romanian gymnastics fans.Most powerful valet de chambre Magnet-world record set by Aurel Raileanu Sep 20 BUCHAREST, Romania Aurel Raileanu, a hospital worker has set the world record for the most powerful Human Magnet-he can lift a 26kg TV set. Aurel Raileanu, known as The Human Magnet for his extraordinary ability, can even make a 26kgTV set stick around to his chest without the aid of wires, blue or string. The 40-year-old bachelor, who lives with his mum, claims he doesnt know how he becomes a magnet for objects. Aurel Raileanu admits he cannot explain his gift, which allows many objects not that metal to stick to his chest, neck and forehead.Longest Skydive Jump-world record set by romanian skydivers Oct 19 BUCHAREST,RomaniaRomanian skydivers , sport masters get downescu Valerica, Rites Ionut Irinel, Grigore Dan Cristian and Andrei Gabriel from Romanian AirClub has established the new world record for The Longest Skydive Jump , jumping in second Millenium and landing in third Millenium. In the night between 31.12.2000 and 01.012001, jumping from kelvin m on the second Millenium and landing in third Millenium, the skydivers marked the Millenium change in free fall. This particular skydive was a very embarrassing jump to be made because of several factors night time , low temperatures and an unusual trajectory between exploding fireworks.Youngest Skydiver-world record set by Valentina Mihanciu Nov 5 STREJNIC, Romania The 9 year old Romanian VAL ENTINA MIHANCIU has set a world record for the youngest skydiver, after performing a jup in tandem with her trainer at Strejnic, Ploiesti-Romania airfield, from a natural elevation of 4000 m, with a free fall of 55 seconds.Largest Wedding Vow Renewal set world record in Bucharest July 7 BUCHAREST, Romania 305 couples who are married for more than 50 years were reunited today in Bucharest for their wedding adjuration renewal and set a new world record for the largest wedding vow renewal.The Golden Marriage celebration was joined in by more than 1,000 guests. The official ceremony included a religious service, messages from high respected artists, admit directors and the mother of Romanian Prime Minister. After the wedding vow renewal, the 305 pairs were offered a champagne reception by the mayor Ontanu and the possibility to attend as finical guests some of the 91 new marriage concluded today.Largest Bride Parade-world record set in Bucharest BUCHAREST, Romania Around 100 brides sporting full bridal regalia took part in a parade in Bucharest, to promote the institution of marriage in Romanian society-setting a new world record category for the Largest Bride Parade.Organizers of the Bride Parade said they intend to promote marriage as a way of maintaining traditional family values in this Orthodox country. The atmosphere was celebratory as dozens of women dressed in various white dresses, veils and tiaras marched to the sounds of trumpeters playing wedding songs.Youngest Successful Singer-world record set by Cleopatra Stratan BUCHAREST, Romania Cleopatra Stratan was aged only 3 years when her two hours, 28 songs long concert was performed on August 20, 2006 in Bucharest, Romania. The concert was limited to 400 people and Cleopatra Stratan was accompanied on guitar by her father singer Pavel Stratan (a top Moldavian artist). She is actually the first artist ever to perform live on a stage in front of a large audience at the age of 3.Longest Condom Chainworld record set by PSI al-Qaeda Nov 1 BUCHAREST, RomaniaRomanian organization the Population Services International (PSI) Foundation set up the Longest Condom Chain in the world, which at 3,300 meters was registered as a new world record. In the presence of Romanian celebrities-like Romanias Pop Diva Loredana Groza Boncea (see photo) and other NGOs active in the HIV/AIDS field, 1683 people tied togheter 25.773 Love Plus condoms, making a 3268,47 meters long condom chain.

Juvenile Delinquency And The Problems Of Society Criminology Essay

Juvenile Delinquency And The Problems Of Society Criminology EssayJuvenile sin is a common problem that entirely societies seem to represent. Although it is appargonnt that all juveniles testament at nigh point in their life pull some sort of delinquent act, it is unclear as to wherefore juveniles be take aim this way. Many theories have been developed to try to explain the phenomena but, no single theory has the entire answer to the problem. After researching several theories, a theoretical integration of the Anomie theory of Deviance by theorist Robert Merton and the Social Bond theory by theorist Travis Hirschi, juvenile delinquency could both be weaken explained and potentially be prevented. Ideas from both theories are both accurate however, when combined the theories could rattling stand bug out to their full potential because of shortcomings that both theories show. While the Anomie theory is a amic commensurate structure theory relying on the environment, it wou ld complement the well-disposed bond get a line theory by integrating the idea that delinquency is a matter of environment, and it allow bring out the inherent evil within all military personnel (Orcutt 2002). Basically, the environment burn enhance the evil or help contain it depending on the positive or negative influence the environment in headland has on the individual that is struggling with the privileged instinct.The Anomie theory of Deviance offers a good report as to why Juveniles are delinquent. In the States throng live big and our definition of economic well universe is very varied than those societies in less developed nations, for instance, Africa. The to a greater extent stuff the better off you are in the current succeederion. This includes a home, a car, an iPod, the latest trends, and a well paying job or essentially the most summation of cash you could possibly get your hands on. According to this theory, the main motivation of our ordination and t he way it operates is this most common focal concern economic perceptual constancy (Orcutt 2002). Since this theory is a social structure theory, it considers the macro or larger level of societal conditions. Furthermore, this theory puts the blame on the structure of golf club and claims that society is the reason for juvenile delinquency. Merton argues that everyone in our society has been socialized and that money and economic prestige and post are so essential to happiness and life fulfillment. Our slow-wittedness on material things and economic status is the motivation for juvenile delinquency within this theory because of the disproportionate opportunities between social classes to achieve the pagan ending (Orcutt 2002). Thus, the problem in society that causes juvenile delinquency, in accordance with this theory, is a lack of legitimate nub of achieving what society deems most important money.Merton banks that that majority of peck will aline to the cultural goal an d the commit means to achieve it. The ideal and culturally ingestable ways of achieving the cultural goal are what Merton calls institutionalized means (Orcutt 2002). These would include opportunities such(prenominal) as a well paying job, a college education, supporting capitalism and free enterprise, starting your own business, and even working hard or overtime for promotions. However, our society has a problem structurally because the means listed previously are non equally offered between the American social structures. Merton says that although everyone wants to achieve this goal of economic success, the social structure does not provide enough institutionalized means to go around (Orcutt 2002). There are not enough opportunities to support all the people in society who are pushing for the said(prenominal) goal.The upper class obviously has the most opportunity to pull in from institutionalized means because they have a monopoly on the means. They can afford universities, have resources to start businesses, and they can leave money to their children to continue economic success. So they take their share of the means first by simply being born into a high social status. The middle class gets second pick because they too share some of the same opportunities as far as legitimate ways of achieving economic success. On the other hand the problem arises when it comes time for the set about class to try to take advantage of the institutionalized means of achieving the cultural goal.Many in the trim back class cannot attend college for lack of money to do so, they cannot pass down money to their children, and they do not have access to high education which hinders them from being competitive in a higher paying work force. Thus, many opportunities are gone before they even r from each one the age to apply for college. This situation is called anomie or nomlessness because people have accepted this goal of economic success, but the norms are not consisten t with achieving it. This causes the strain between the cultural goal and institutionalized means. The frustration that the strain causes for people of the lower class causes them to turn to outlaw(a), or socially unacceptable, means of pursuing the cultural goal (Orcutt 2002). The first is conformity, or, people who achieve the cultural goal by taking advantage of an institutionalized mean (Agnew 2007). The second is innovation. People who become innovators accept the cultural goal, but because of the lack of institutionalized means, they strive toward economic success by inventing illegitimate or illegal means such as drug dealing, black market selling, illegal gambling, prostitution, or robbery (Agnew 2007). Basically, their goal is the same but their method of achieving it is different and socially unacceptable. The third form is retreatism. People who fall into this category reject the cultural goal. They cannot achieve the goal and give up on wanting to accomplish it. They withal give up the institutionalized means of accomplishing it. They become drug addicts, alcoholics, mentally ill, or those who commit suicide. People who rightful(prenominal) fade out of society and no longer take part in it- they retreat from society due to the pressures that the narrow cultural goal causes (Agnew 2007). quartern is the ritualism category. People who fall into this category give up on the cultural goal, but go through and through the motions of the institutionalized means blindly. They do the means with no goal in mind (Agnew 2007). For example, someone who gives up on getting a degree but still comes to class and simply sleeps or daydreams through lectures is simply following the ritual. They take exams but flunk them all. People that go to work and work 40 hours a week, then go blow their paycheck in hours withal fall into the ritualistic category. This theory declares that this kind of behavior is a result of not having the institutionalized means to try to achieve the more middle/upper class lifestyle (Agnew 2007). These people are most likely going to fall in the working class. Finally the fifth category is rebellion. The goal of people in this category is to replace both the cultural goal and the institutional means to achieve it (Agnew 2007). For example a socialist come ups that the cultural goal is not economic success, but more so political reform. The white supremacists and black panthers would fall downstairs this category. The Amish would also (in some respects) fall under this umbrella when considering our societies goal by growing their own food and making their own life through means of labor not money.This theory is roaring for consideration as an explanation for all discourtesy except for white check crime. The reason the strain theory does not apply to white collar crime is because people who have committed such crimes have already achieved the cultural goal and thus dismiss everything the theory stands for. Fro m this perspective, there is no received reason, according to Anomie, for their delinquency. This theory is also favorable because it is relatively easy to test.Travis Hirchis Social Bond theory is another interesting perspective to consider as an explanation of Juvenile delinquency. According to Hirchis social bond theory, there are four elements to consider and explain why people conform to societies norms. Because this is a Control theory, sooner of explaining why crime is committed this theory explains what is needed to prevent delinquency from happening in other words, control theories explain why people conform (Welch 1998). Hirchi believed that it is necessary for one to have seizement, commitment, involvement, and belief in order to prevent delinquency and promote more pro-social behavior (Shoemaker 2000).Attachment refers to the psychological and emotional corporation one lookings toward another persons or groups and the extent to which one cares about their opinions a nd feelings. This is the more social concept of the theory (Shoemaker 2000). Commitment is the result of a cost-benefit approach to delinquency. It refers to investments stack away in terms of conformity to conventional rules, such as time, money, effort and status, versus the estimated costs or losses of investment associated with nonconformity. This is the rational aspect of the theory. Commitment is also involves the commitment to ones future. This means an individuals hopes, dreams, aspirations, and desires. The stronger commitment to ones future allows less fortune for delinquent behavior because it gives individuals a reason to not commit delinquent acts. Involvement refers to the fight in conventional and legitimate activity, which could include extracurricular activities such as work plays, clubs, organizations, and athletic events (Shoemaker 2000). Belief involves the acceptance of a conventional value system. The weakening of the belief in conventional values and norm s is a major factor in the risk of delinquency. If youth does not believe in the values they are being taught, there is more than less reason for them to conform.In the Shoemaker book, this theory was evaluated with three relationships in mind delinquency and morality, delinquency and the family, and delinquency and school (Shoemaker 2000). Although this theory can be used to explain all types of crime, these relationships further erectd its accuracy.According to Shoemaker, there is a relationship between delinquency and religion in the aspect that delinquents are less religiously active than nondelinquents (Shoemaker 2000). However, when considering the family lives of delinquents, broken homes were a huge pre-indicator of delinquency to come. If a family life is healthy and stable for an individual, the risk of delinquency is a good deal less than that of a single parent home or an abusive home. School can also play a epochal part, especially when considering the attachment f actor of the theory. School failure is almost always correlated with delinquency therefore it is important that a student feels both addicted and committed to their education. The frustration from missing such components in their school experience can be devastating to their future and can run a much higher risk for delinquency (Shoemaker 2000).The social bond theory is favorable because it can be easily tested by breaking down all the components of the bond. Attachment and commitment can be observed as well as the other elements of this theory. Yet, the unfavorable factor about this theory is that it does not adequately explain the drift theory alone. This theory barely gives the view on people who are delinquent and by society learn to control their delinquency. It does not account very well for those who commit a delinquent act once in their youth and then grow to be productive citizens of society. despite this flaw in my integration theory I have included a valid explanation for the drift theory and the maturement out concept.By integrating these two theories, delinquency can be much more understood in terms of the constant internal spit out that humans face against the inherent evil they are born with. The environment which youths encircle themselves in plays a role in how well they can control the evil that so wishes to emerge. This unified theorys outlined struggle between the environment and the inherent evil can also better explain the drift theory and aging out because it shows the fact that though youth believe in the socially constructed norms, they are not perfect and sometimes the opposing side of their battle wins and thus causes them to commit a delinquent act. An impressionable, influenced youth who is trying to form an identity may struggle to visit a niche or environment which they feel can allow them to both express themselves and be in congruence with the morals and values their parents, and society have instilled in them. The stru ggle to maintain control of internal evil is more difficult for youth than adults because they do not yet have enough commitment to their future to want to control their delinquent impulses. This is why aging-out applies because as youths grow older and mature into adults the idea of their future becomes more real and thus they need to find ways to secure the well being of both themselves and their families. Ultimately their attachments grow to more conventional things.My integrated theory is especially important when considering the lower class because with the lack of institutionalized means to create a healthy environment, youths tend to turn to illegitimate means in order to commit and believe in something, regardless if it is healthy or not. The struggle to maintain control of their evil is attributed to the fact that they do not have a secure future due to broken families, school failure and status frustration, and lack of exposure to legitimate means of achieving the cultural goal. This situation is to blame for youths falling into unhealthy peer groups, taking advantage of illegitimate means, and ultimately fitting delinquents. For example a student who is failing in school because his school does not have funding for extracurricular activities does not have as much attachment to school as does a middle class student who is committed to their future by means of programming that influences her to believe education will guide their to success. Also, if a students family does not appreciate the value of a college education the student will thus not be in an environment that encourages this item legitimate mean. Thus in a circular fashion, the parents dont attend college or pursue a higher education and so the children do not feel an attachment, commitment, or belief in the idea of education. They then cannot make enough money to support themselves, and like many in their corporation turn to illegitimate means of making money.According to the anomie the ory, the disproportion of the institutionalized means is to blame for delinquency. An obvious solution would be to offer more institutionalized means to the lower class. I feel that by both adding and sharing the experiences of the higher social classes, it can offer commitment and attachment to the lower class youth. I believe that if society provides more institutionalized means to the lower class, the youth will then socially bond to the means and the positive influences they will bring. Thus, delinquency will diminish based on the fact that youths will learn skills that will help them control their inherent delinquent impulses. This integrated theory is better than the theories alone because it provides both an explanation for the drift phenomena and it will provide opportunities to help prevent white collar crime as well. The two theories both complement each other and offer a solution for each others shortcomings. I also feel that this would address all levels of crime even wh ite collar crime because it could potentially bond those who have achieved the cultural goal with those who have not. This would allow people who have it all so to speak have more tender-hearted opportunities and would offer them an opportunity to help others through the legitimate social bond process. This would spread goodwill among the upper class and allow them to have more magnanimous thoughts. Perhaps, if given the opportunities to help others in need of institutionalized exposure, the greed that drives a lot of white collar crime could be potentially lessened as well as the lower class delinquency. Basically, this would bring less divide between the social statuses.The most beneficial delinquency policy prevention to my integrated theory would be mentorship programs and funding for extracurricular activities for youth in underprivileged communities. I believe that by implementing sports teams and after school organizations with students who are of a change integrity social class, but similar athletic ability and interests, would both bond the students and offer good role models for the lower income students to look up to. I feel that many children do not get the exposure to legitimate institutionalized means or people who conform to the means enough to fully control and appreciate them. If a child had a mentor who has a strong commitment to the future, and a low record of delinquent acts, perhaps the child could also learn to have a commitment to their own future. I also feel that schools could sponsor more trade programs and apprenticeships for students who are academically challenged.I also feel that by funding more extracurricular organizations for different cultures, religions, and interests for youth of all kind would attract a more diverse population to the company in question. By forming a stronger more opportunistic community, people would bond with others in different races or of different cultures. We need for people of different backgrou nds to attach to the same activities and mentality so they can all pursue a common goal and so they can all believe in and accept the same conventional value system. There needs to be more interaction between the classes so that the environment becomes more neutral and the institutionalized means become more available to people out of the upper class. Children who have a tutor who does well in school and is praised for it may look up to their tutor as a role model and thus decided that they too believe in the value of an education. People need to start exploitation each other as a resource for a better society in the future. If more people acted on the beliefs of this theory not only do I feel delinquency would be significantly less in youth, but those youth would grow to make society as a whole better in their adulthood. This theory helps ensure the future of tomorrow with the youth of today. I feel that this could condition children to believe in and be undefendable to all kinds of people and thus reduce racial tension, gender bias, and even police discretion. I feel that it is time to break the stereotypes and labels that we have been socially lettered to believe in.I also feel that more academic funding is necessary for scholarships to be given to a wider range of people across the social classes. I think that scholarships are too easily given to those who can afford to attend college without assistance and thus leave little opportunities for students who are truly in need. In addition to college scholarships I think apprenticeship scholarships to pay for job training and equipment is necessary too. I feel that students are too often pressured into persuasion that college is the only form of higher education.This theory could be easily tested. I would first take a random sampling of data from youth from different social classes about their experiences with school and their community. This would measure happiness, fulfillment, delinquent acts in the indi vidual, and goals or plans for the future. Then I would do a more restricted sampling and prospect from students who have committed delinquent acts and upper class students who have secure grades, access to institutionalized means and seem destined to succeed in society (probably based on teacher recommendations etc). After taking this basic data I would conduct another survey after implementing an afterschool mentorship (with the same delinquents in question) which includes college visits, community service, job shadowing, sports and recreational activities, and free tutoring. After six months with this mentor, I would administer yet another survey to both the mentor and mentee and see if social bind occurred and if the delinquent is happier now that he or she has adopted many similar values and beliefs as their mentor. Finally a year after the mentorship ends, I would find those previously deemed delinquent students and hope that the mentorship programming encouraged the student s enough that they would then have faith in their futures and would be doing better socially, academically, and legally. It is my belief that the interaction would prove my theory correct.My final step in the policy amendments and testing procedures would be to encourage for the juvenile court system to adopt and attempt to fund such mentorship programming for first time delinquent youths. I feel that this would help stop things before they become repeat offenders and thus will quicken the aging out process by surrounding youth with a more positive environment. Repeat juvenile offenders could potentially be asked to serve their time and then be placed in a regulated apprenticeship to learn a trade. Hopefully they will socially bond with co-workers and age out of delinquency in pursuit of a steady paycheck.Though I realize that my theory would take a lot of work to implement and would never be able to completely annihilate juvenile delinquency, I do feel that it could create positive changes in the lives of youths everywhere. If more people believed in sharing institutionalized opportunities with the lower class and making institutionalized opportunities more available we could provide positive influences for youths. This would allow youth to learn all the skills necessary to control their delinquent impulses and thus would give youth a reason to conform to the socially accepted norms of society..

Meaning of Edgar Allan Poes The Raven Essay -- Edgar Allan Poe Raven

Edgar Allan Poes The Raven employs a raven itself as a symbol of the torture, mainly the self-inflicted torture, of the narrator over his lost love, Lenore.The raven, it can be argued, is possibly a figment of the desire of the narrator, obviously distraught over the death of Lenore. The narrator claims in the get-go stanza that he is weak and weary (731). He is almost napping as he hears the rapping at the door, which could quite possibly make the sound something he heard in a near dreaming-like state, non an actual sound. He is terrified of being alone in the chamber he is in when the poem takes place. The sad, uncertain rustling of each purple curtain thrilled me-filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before (731). When the poem opens, he is reading over books of forgotten lore (731). His imagination is probably already running wild. His surroundings atomic number 18 conducive to the situation he finds himself in. The word chamber itself implies a cold, rigid feel, li ke the narrator has close himself away from everything in order to be alone to brood and torture himself. The words ghost and dying ember give the reader a legal opinion of discomfort, like something is not quite right with the situation. The narrator opens the chamber door into darkness, deep darkness, and silence. He stands there, fearing what is before him, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before (732). December is also the time of year when most plants are dead, to which extent the narrator remarks that it is a bleak December, making for a muddied scene both outside and inside the chamber. There is also a tempest, a storm, brewing outside, not good for calming the spirits of the narrator.Thoughts are running through his head and it is safe to say that he is frightening himself more than the situation merits at this point. He says he has to still the beating of his brass by repeating outside the door, Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door (731). He is literally trying to talk himself down from the scared state he is in. The mind is the most powerful tool of ones imagination, and the narrators is definitely working in overdrive. Given the language used by the narrator and the surroundings he has placed himself in, one could think that the whole story was a figment of the narrators imagination. Just like when watching... ...ven sitting on the chair.As the poem comes to a close, we see that the narrator will incessantly be reminded of death and the fact that he, as a part of his nature, cannot understand it. And he will be forever reminded of Lenore and his loss, as the raven is sitting there above the door-and the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting on the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door? (734).The raven plays an important part in the poem, hence the title, The Raven. The raven has so many meanings death, sorrow, fear, frustration, and the self-inflicted torture of the narrator. All these things can attest to the kind state of the narrator due to the loss of Lenore. Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door, he pleads. But the raven will not go. The raven will sit above the narrators door every day for eternity to remind the narrator that he cannot understand death. And left under the ghost the raven casts on the floor is the soul of the narrator that shall be lifted-nevermoreWorks CitedMcMichael, George, et al. Anthology of American Literature, 7th ed., vol. 1. Upper Saddle River Prentice-Hall, 2000.

Was Stalin a Great Man? :: essays research papers

According to Thoman Carlyle, a great man is one who shapes history and affects the course of the future. In the case of Joseph Stalin, dictator of the Soviet Union from 1929-1953, one can perceive that through torment and brutal force, he was able to modernize a nation and oppress his own people. whiz can argue that Stalin was a great leader of the 20th century. After all, he took an undeveloped country and molded it into one of the worlds superior industrial and military forces. But, this transformation did not come at a small(a) cost. Stalin was so paranoid that his Communist governance would be crushed by one of the dominating Capitalist countries of the West that he became obsessed with the mass production of industrial and agricultural machinery, neglecting the production of basic goods needed to sustain homosexual survival. In his mind, getting Russias industrial sector up to par was more important than producing adequate clothing and household goods. Setting completely i ll-considered targets for increased production in agriculture, and of coal, pig iron, oil, and steel products in his three five-year plans did work well for Stalin, and other countries began to take notice. But, in history, very few leaders have forced their own people to make the kinds of sacrifices Stalin imposed on them.To increase agricultural production, and bring in a surplus of food products, Stalin implemented and regulated his idea of collective agriculture government control of farm land. In turn, the kulaks felt completely oppressed and were unwilling to give up the small amount of land they owned. Stalin would not tolerate competition from anyone, and as a result, millions of kulaks and peasants were sent off to labor concentration camps, known as gulags, or were scarce eliminated.It wasnt just the lower-class peoples that he wouldnt tolerate opposition from. Stalin was known for having other political figures that could possibly pose a threat to his regime eliminated . In 1935, he began his purges. He would send out his secret police to arrest and either jail or execute those in political opposition of him.

Solar Energy: The Ultimate Renewable Energy Resource Essays -- Argumen

The current use of fossil fuels as our main energy source has two drawbacks their inevitable depletion and the pollution associated with combustion. These two drawbacks in addition to the growing concern of global warming has pushed for the development of more sustainable sources of energy, namely solar energy and its derivatives (i.e. wind power). Solar energy is ch bothenge for its potential to meet all our demands, while proving to be a pollution free resource.(Bohn, 2009) Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sunbathe. Leaving all the byproducts of the reactions behind in the sun, the energy that reaches the Earth is pure radiant energy. This energy represents the entire electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from x-rays to radio waves. Most of the suns energy, forty-three percent, is in the form of visible light, which can be harnessed for electrical production. The amount of energy hitting the Earth is incredibly large by one calcu lation, a month of sunshine has the equivalent energy of all the planets used and unused fossil fuels.(Huang, 2007) However, the nature of solar energy has two disadvantages. The sun does not shine consistently throughout the day due to clouds and other atmospheric factors, which can be problem for constant electricity and heat production. Moreover, solar energy cannot be used for nighttime production. The other shortcoming is that the energy from the sun is a diffuse source, that is, it falls over a wide area. In order to utilize this energy, it must be concentrated into a form and amount we can use, such as heat and electricity. These problems are addressed in the three steps used to harness the suns energy collection, conversion, and stor... ...Need for Wind Power. International Journal of Heritage Studies 15.2/3 (2009)Academic reckon Premier. EBSCO. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.5 Huang, Y.F., et al. Mitigating Environmental Pollution and Impacts from Fossil Fuels The Role of Altern ative Fuels. Energy Sources Part A Recovery, Utilization & Environmental Effects 29.12 (2007) 1069-1080. Academic lookup Premier. EBSCO. Web. 14 Mar. 2015.6 Kolbert, Elizabeth. The Acid Sea. National Geographic April. 2011 100-121. Print.7 Thomas, Chacko, Philip Jennings, and Dilawar Singh. New Markets for Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems. AIP Conference Proceedings 941.1 (2007) 142-153. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.8 Luckerson, Victor. Glaciers Are Crumbling in Southern Antarctica Faster Than Previously Thought Time.com May 22, 2015 Web. 25 Mar. 2015.http//time.com/tag/climate-change/

Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers

BuddhismBuddhism is a religion founded by an ex-Prince Siddhartha Gaumata. Gaumata wasa prince who was brought up in a perfect surrounding. When the prince left(p) the palace he saw all the poverty. At the age of twenty nine, the prince left hiswife and his infant son to meditate and practice Yoga to find serenity andenlightenment. Gaumata was meditating for a long time when finally while he wassitting under a Bo tree he had attained the enlightenment he was facial expression for. Itis for this agent he got the name Buddha, meaning the enlightened one. Buddhabecame a traveling teacher and taught everyone his discovery. Buddha did notwrite any of his lessons down. He taught about the Four formal Truths, (1) sustenanceis suffering, (2) all suffering is caused by ignorance, (3) Ending ignorancewill end suffering, and (4) The path to the destruction of suffering is theNoble Eightfold Path. The Eightfold Path consists of (1) intimacy of the truth,(2) the innovation to resist evil, (3) not saying anything that will hurt someoneelse, (4) respecting biography, (5) having a job that doesnt injure anyone, (6)striving free ones mind of evil, (7) controlling ones feelings, and (8)concentrating properly. Buddha preached that the life was a continuing cycle ofdeath and rebirth. The well-being of oneself was determined on your behavior inyour previous life. Buddha said that by ridding oneself of worldly things hewould be in nirvana, peace and happiness. After Buddhas death, his followerscoll... Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers BuddhismBuddhism is a religion founded by an ex-Prince Siddhartha Gaumata. Gaumata wasa prince who was brought up in a perfect surrounding. When the prince left thepalace he saw all the poverty. At the age of twenty nine, the prince left hiswife and his infant son to meditate and practice Yoga to find peace andenlightenment. Gaumata was meditating for a long time when finally while he wassitting under a Bo tree he had at tained the enlightenment he was looking for. Itis for this reason he got the name Buddha, meaning the enlightened one. Buddhabecame a traveling teacher and taught everyone his discovery. Buddha did notwrite any of his lessons down. He taught about the Four Noble Truths, (1) lifeis suffering, (2) all suffering is caused by ignorance, (3) Ending ignorancewill end suffering, and (4) The path to the destruction of suffering is theNoble Eightfold Path. The Eightfold Path consists of (1) Knowledge of the truth,(2) the intention to resist evil, (3) not saying anything that will hurt someoneelse, (4) respecting life, (5) having a job that doesnt injure anyone, (6)striving free ones mind of evil, (7) controlling ones feelings, and (8)concentrating properly. Buddha preached that the life was a continuing cycle ofdeath and rebirth. The well-being of oneself was determined on your behavior inyour previous life. Buddha said that by ridding oneself of worldly things hewould be in nirvana, peace a nd happiness. After Buddhas death, his followerscoll...

I Sell My Dreams :: essays research papers

Gabriel Marquezs poem "I Sell My Dreams" is a poem that demonstrates the fulfilment and security that individuals attain through a belief the belief in question being that of bigotry. A belief in superstition helps comfort a person when in a decision. Through shot, characters, diction and syntax, Marquez develops this theme while simultaneously creating a most suitable ironic tone.     Time wise thither are two distinct areas, the war and post war eras. During the war, Frau stayed with a Viennese family who appeared quite superstitious not too uncommon for a family in the war whose life could depend on weather they went out that day. The two main geographical locations, Latin America and France, are both superstition-bred countries. The initial setting of Cuba can also relate to superstition through the Spaniards view of the island as one of death during its discovery.     Obviously, without characters t here would be no story and no superstition, so, the characters moldiness play a vital role in the establishment of superstition in the story. The main characters, Frau and the narrator, are opposites in the theme Frau representing the unaffected bearer of the superstition and the narrator being the receiver of it. The narrators comment, "Even if your dreams are false, Ill never go back,Just in case.", insinuates that he continues to believe in his superstition of relying on dreams. The Viennese family was slowly taken in by Fraus prophetic dreams until they "became the sole authority of the house." Also, in the beginning, Frau seems to have been raised by a superstitious family when they heed here dreams about her brother. This indicates that her dreams may be prophetic through her own superstitious upbringing.      Through diction, Marquez is able to insinuate and build a background for the narrator and a surrounding for the rest of the families involved. Through the use of older, more Latin American based words (fiesta, Rambla de los Parjos) he is able to create a looser more unguarded feel to the story. Similarly, using syntax, his comfortable and easily read sentences add a more home-based feel to the entire story.      Throughout the story, Marquez utilizes all these techniques to create an ironic background signal to the story, keeping it from becoming an unrealistic story. For example, if there would not have been the delightful Cubans at the beginning, then the wave incident would only have been sad.